Lesson 19 Sold out 票已售完

First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
When will the writer see the play?

英式发音：

美式发音：

‘The play may begin at any moment, ’ I said.
‘It may have begun already, ’ Susan answered.
I hurried to the ticket office. ‘May I have two tickets please?’I asked.
‘I'm sorry, we've sold out, ’ the girl said.
‘What a pity!’Susan exclaimed.
Just then, a man hurried to the ticket office.
‘Can I return these two tickets?’ he asked.
‘Certainly, ’ the girl said.
I went back to the ticket office at once.
‘Could I have those two tickets please?’ I asked.
‘Certainly, ’ the girl said, ‘but they're for next Wednesday's performance. Do you still want them?’
‘I might as well have them, ’ I said sadly.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

hurry (1. 3) /'hʌri/ v. 匆忙
exclaim (1. 6) /ik'skleim/ v. 大声说
ticket office (1. 3) 售票处
return (1. 8) /ri'tə:n/ v. 退回
pity (1. 6) /'piti/ n. 令人遗憾的事
sadly (1. 13) /'sædli/ adv. 悲哀地，丧气地

Notes on the text 课文注释

1  The play may begin at any moment，剧马上就要开演了。在这句话中，说话人指的并不是一种确信不疑的事实，而是可能发生的事情，因此用了may +动词的结构。
2  It may have begun already. 可能已经开始了。这句话同样表示可能发生的事情，但与上句的区别在于它指的是可能已经发生的事情，因此，要用“may +动词的完成时”的结构。
3  we've sold out，票已售完。
4  What a pity! 真遗憾！
5  at once，立刻。
6  Could I… please? 这里could是代替can的一种比较委婉地提出请求的用法。在时间上和can没有区别。
7  might as well…作“还是……好”、“不妨”讲，与may as well的意思完全相同，只是前者更为委婉。

参考译文

“剧马上就要开演了，”我说。
“也许已经开演了呢，”苏珊回答说。
我匆匆赶到售票处，问：“我可以买两张票吗？”
“对不起，票已售完。”那位姑娘说。
“真可惜！”苏珊大声说。
正在这时，一个男子匆匆奔向售票处。
“我可以退掉这两张票吗？”他问。
“当然可以，”那姑娘说。
我马上又回到售票处。
“我可以买那两张票吗？”我问。
“当然可以，不过这两张票是下星期三的，您是否还要呢？”
“我还是买下的好，”我垂头丧气地说。

　　自学导读
1．The play may begin at any moment. 剧马上就要开演了。
The guests may arrive at any moment.
客人们马上就要来了。
It may/might rain(at) any moment.
这天气随时都可能下雨。
2．I'm sorry, we've sold out. 对不起，票已售完。
（1）这句话中用了缩略形式 I'm(=I am) 和we've(=we have)。缩 略形式一般用于口语和非正式文体中。在正式文体中要避免使用。
（2）sell out为固定短语，可指“（店主）售完（某种货物）” 、“（货）被售完”：
They have sold out of eggs.
他们的鸡蛋卖完了。
Tickets for tonight's performance are sold out.
今晚演出的门票已售完。
3．What a pity! 真可惜！
这是一个常用的表示可惜、遗憾的感叹句。我们还可以说：
What a pity(it is) you can't see their performance!
你不能观看他们的演出真是遗憾！
4．I went back to the ticket office at once. 我马上又回到 售票处。
at once 为固定短语，在这里可译为“马上”、“立刻”：When  he heard the news, he went home at once.
听到这消息，他立刻就回家了。
Please come at once.
请立刻就来。
5．Could I have those two tickets please？我可以买那两张票 吗？
（1）could 虽然是can的过去式，但在这里并不表示过去，而是指 现在。用could提出请求或建议比can要委婉。（cf.本课语法）
（2）在这句话中，have=buy，是行为动词。（cf. 第18课语法）
6．I might as well have them. 我还是买下的好。
may as well表示“还不如”、“无甚差别”，和might as well一 般可以互换：
It's not very far, so we may/might as well go on foot.
那地方不太远，所以我们还不如走着去。

　　语法 Grammar in use
情态助动词can与may
can（过去式为 could）原义为“能”，表示“有能力”、“能够 ”等：
Can you drive a car?
你会开车吗？
Jim couldn't run very fast when he was a boy.
吉姆小时候不能跑很快。
（1）请求别人允许或答复时一般用 can，could，may和may的过去 式 might。在这4个词中，can最常用，也最不正式；could比can表示更 “犹豫”和客气，通常用在不能确定请求是否会得到同意的时候；may 比can和could更正式、更客气、更恭敬；might显得最犹豫，也最客气 、最恭敬，但不及上述3个词常用。实际上，是一般性的请求时，can， could，may往往可以互换。含有情态助动词的普通答语为：
肯定：
Of course you can/may.
你当然可以。（不可用could或might）
否定：
No, you can't/may not.
不，你不可以。（不用could not或might not）
（2）may和might还可以表示可能。如果说话人对所说事实确信无 疑，就可以用be或其他完全动词：
Jane is at home now.
简现在在家。（确切的事实）
但如果不敢确定，则可以说：
Jane may/might be at home.
简可能/或许在家。
might比may更不确定。它们也可以表示过去可能已经发生过的事

　　词汇学习 Word study
1．hurry
（1）vi. 赶紧，赶快，匆忙：
We'd better hurry if we want to see the performance.
如果我们想看演出的话，我们最好赶快走。
Hurry up! The film may begin at any moment.
快点！电影马上就要开始了。
When he saw that it was already eight o'clock, he hurried  to the office.
当他发现已经8点钟的时候，他赶紧去了办公室。
（2）n．急忙，匆忙，仓促：
I'm in a hurry now. I'll write the letter tomorrow.
我现在有急事。我明天再写信。
In his hurry, he dropped some coins on the floor.
匆忙之中，他把一些硬币掉在了地上。
2．exclaim
（1）vt.，vi. （由于痛苦、愤怒、惊异、欣喜等）叫喊，惊叫：
When she saw the gift, she exclaimed in delight.
她看到礼物后高兴得叫了起来。
‘What a beautiful picture!’she exclaimed.
她惊讶地叫道：“多美的一幅画呀！”
（2）vi.，（表示抗议等）大声叫喊：
She exclaimed against the rudeness of the young man.
她愤怒地斥责那位年轻人的粗鲁行为。
3．return
（1）vi. 回，返回：
Tim has just returned from Australia.
蒂姆刚从澳大利亚回来。
He returned home yesterday.
他昨天回来的。
（2）vt. 把……送回，归还，退回：
He returned the books to the library.
他把书还给了图书馆。
He returned two tickets, as Jack and Tom were too busy and  they couldn't go to the theatre.
他退了两张票，因为杰克和汤姆太忙了，不能去看戏。

　　练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A may begin(1.1); may have begun(1.2); May I have (1.3);  Can I return (1.8); Could I have (1.11); I might as well have  (1.13)
2．难点练习答案
1 I have not seen…
2 There aren't…
3 He does not…you are…
4 She didn't tell…she hadn't…
5 I shan't stay…
6 He won't do…he's told
7 When will I…
8 What have you…You have broken…
9 He is…He has just come…
10 I can't understand…he has not…
11 You must not believe…
12 I was not…You were not…
13 That man has been…
14 They had not seen…
3．多项选择题答案
1a  2d  3c  4c  5d  6b
7c  8b  9c  10a  11c  12c

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★hurry　v. 匆忙
in a hurry(n.)：匆忙
If you are not in a hurry. (时间、动作上的)
If you are not busy. (行为上的）
in no hurry(n.)：不匆忙
I am in no hurry.
hurry up(v.)：快点
go to：去
hurry to：匆匆忙忙地去
He goes to school.=He hurries to school.
come in：进来
hurry in：匆匆忙忙地进来
go out：出去
hurry out：匆匆忙忙地出去
★ticket office 售票处
★pity　n. 令人遗憾的事
pity(n.)
What a pity!　真遗憾
It is a pity.
It is pity to be grown up. (it做形式主语)
It is a pity to steal a bicycle.
I am sorry(a.). 我感到很遗憾。
I am sorry to hear that.
★exclaim　v. 大声说
shout：大声喊＝cry,call out
★return　v. 退回
return to：回来
ruturn money：还钱　　＝pay back,repay
★sadly　adv. 悲哀地，丧气地
涵盖了所有悲哀

　　【课文讲解】
at any moment：在任何时候，随时
at the moment：＝now
at that moment：＝just then 就在那时
I will help you at any time.
may+动词原形　＂可能＂
may (must,can't) have done……对过去的推测
must,can't,may+动词原形，表示对现在、未来的推测
must：一定，很可能　　She must be a model.
may：有可能　　　　　 She may be a model.
can't：不可能　　　　 She can't be a model.
She must(may,can't) have been a model.
I must have watched TV.
I may have watched TV.
I can't have watched TV.
I hurried to the ticket office. 匆忙地
May I do...?　我可以吗？
have 是最活跃的词，可以指任何的意思。
have coffee：喝咖啡
have ticket：买票　（习惯用法）
I'll have/take sth.　我买...
sell out：卖完了
what a pity!　真令人遗憾！
Can(May) I...?　我可以...吗？
Can you...?　你可以...吗？
Could I...? 我现在可以...吗？（更委婉的说法）
they指tickets
for next Wednesday's performance
用名词所有格来取代时间：＂...时间的＂
用介词for
ticket for＋事情
ticket to＋地点
May I have a tickett to Tianjing?
May I have a ticket for the spots meeting?
still：还……可以和任意时态连用
still，yet……都和完成时态连用
might as well,may as well+动词原形，＂还是...好＂（无可奈 何）
had better：＂最好＂＋动词原形（积极心态）
I might as well take the umbrella with me.
共有的概念＂推测＂
十七课：对现在的推测
十九课：对现在和过去的推测
不在于must,may,can't是什么时态，而在于后面加的是原形还是 have done。
加原形是对现在的推测，加have done对过去的推测。
may：⑴推测＂可能＂
⑵＂可以＂
⑶ may,might 对语气的强弱
may as well=might as well＂还是...好＂
上述说讲是对现在和未来的推测，对过去的推测用虚拟语气

　　【Multiple choice question】
2.(d)
be pleased to do 对...感到开心
might as well
be pleased to
be too pleased to 太高兴
be not too pleased to
too...to...(too old to learn太老而不能学)
not too...to...(not too old to learn 不是太老还可以学）
3.(c)
may+动词原形；对现在或未来动作的推测
7.(c)
9.(c)