Lesson 41 Do you call that a hat?你把那个叫帽子吗？

First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What kind of shopping does the writer enjoy, do you think?

英式发音：

美式发音：

‘Do you call that a hat?’I said to my wife.
‘You needn't be so rude about it,’my wife answered as she looked at herself in the mirror.
I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited. We had been in the hat shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the mirror.
‘We mustn't buy things we don't need,’I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying it almost at once.
‘You needn't have said that,’my wife answered. ‘I needn't remind you of that terrible tie you bought 10  yesterday.’
‘I find it beautiful, ’I said. ‘A man can never have too many ties.’
‘And a woman can't have too many hats，’she answered.
Ten minutes later we walked out of the shop together. My wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse!

New words and expressions 生词和短语

rude (1.2) /ru:d/adj. 无礼的
remark (1.7)/ri'ma:k/v. 评说
mirror (1.3) /'mirə/n. 镜子
remind (1.9) /ri'maind/v. 提醒
hole (1.4) /həul/n. 孔
lighthouse (1.14)/'laithaus/n. 灯塔

Notes on the text  课文注释

1  … needn't be so rude…英语中实际上有两个 need。一个是普通动词 need；另一个是情态动词 need。情态动词的 need和can，may等情态动词一样，后接动词原形，但只用于否定和疑问句，肯定句用must，have to，ought to或 should。
2  I regretted saying…，regret后接动名词表示对做过的事感到遗憾。
3  We mustn't buy things we don't need．我们不应该买我们不需要的东西。句中的 need 是普通动词，当“需要”讲。
4  You needn't have said that…needn't have done 表示本来用不着做某事，而实际上已经做了。
5  I needn't remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday．我也不必提醒你昨天买的那条糟糕透了的领带。remind sb．of sth．是“提醒某人想起某事”的意思。
6  I find it beautiful，我觉得它好看。句中的 beautiful用来补充说明宾语 it，在语法上称作宾语补足语。
7  A man can never have too many ties．男人有多少领带也不会嫌多。

参考译文

“你把那个叫帽子吗？”我对妻子说。
“你说话没必要这样不客气，”我的妻子边回答边照着镜子。
我坐在一个新式的满是网眼儿的椅子上，等待着。我们在这家帽店已经呆了半个小时了，而我的妻子仍在镜子面前。
“我们不应该买我们不需要的东西，”我突然发表意见说，但马上又后悔说了这话。
“你没必要这么说，”我妻子回答说，“我也不必提醒你昨天买的那条糟糕透了的领带。”
“我觉得它好看，”我说，“男人有多少领带也不会嫌多。”
“女人有多少帽子也不嫌多。”她回答。
10分钟以后，我们一道走出了商店。我妻子戴着一顶像灯塔一样的帽子。

　　自学导读
1．Do you call that a hat? （标题）你把那个叫帽子吗？
Do you call that +（冠词）+名词这个结构可以表达一种轻蔑的含义：
Do you call that a house／a dog?
你把那个叫房子／狗吗？
2．I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it…我坐在一个新式的满是网眼儿的椅子上……
those在此处表示一种看不惯、不满的意味，如果换成the，则没有这种意味。
3．I regretted saying it almost at once. 我马上又后悔说了这话。
regret +动名词／名词／that从句通常表示为做过的某件事感到后悔、懊悔：
I now regret leaving my country/ that I have left my country.
我现在后悔离开了自己的祖国。
He regretted having been rude to her.
他后悔自己对她无礼。
Did he regret his mistake?
他为自己的错误感到后悔了吗？
regret +不定式表示对现在或将来要做的事感到对不起、遗憾，比 be sorry +不定式要正式：
We regret to tell you that you are not welcome.
我们很遗憾地告诉您，您不受欢迎。
4．I find it beautiful. 我觉得它好看。
动词find经常用于动词+宾语+宾语补足语这种结构：
You'll find it difficult／easy to make conversation with her.
你将会发现与她聊天很困难／容易。（ it代指后面的不定式短语）
I find this book very interesting.
我觉得这本书很有趣。
5．A man can never have too many ties. 男人有多少领带也不会嫌多。
cannot／can never…too…（固定结构）表示“无论怎么……也不会过分”：
A woman can't have too many hats.
女人有多少帽子也不嫌多。
You can't be too careful in doing your work.
你工作越小心越好。

　　语法 Grammar in use
must, have(got) to与need
在第17课的语法中，我们学习了情态助动词must和have（got）to 的一些用法，知道它们可以表达“必须”、“不得不”等含义，must还可用于表示推测。在表达“必要”、“不必要”等含义时，除了可用must和have（got）to以外，还可以用need。need只有情态助动词的部分特征，仅用于某些疑问句和否定句。need用于疑问句时，问者往往希望得到否定的回答：
Need you leave so soon?
你有必要这么早就走吗？（希望不必）用need的一般疑问句的肯定形式的回答可以用 must／had to，否定形式的回答可以用 needn't
need一般情况下作完全动词：
I need to go to the dentist this morning.
今天上午我需要去看牙。
表示必要时，must的语气比need要强：
I must go to the dentist this morning.
今天上午我必须去看牙。
用 must的一般疑问句可以用 must／have to或 needn't来回答，而不用 mustn't：
“不必要”可用 needn't, don't have to来表示：
You needn't／don't have to work such long hours.
你不必工作那么长时间。
这种句型可用来表示说话人让对方选择或允许对方可以不做某事的主观意图。它的完成式和过去式分别为 needn't have, didn't have to和 didn't need to:
mustn't表示绝对禁止。在说话人看来，根本没有选择余地

　　词汇学习 Word study
1．remind vt.
（1）提醒：
Remind me to post that letter.
提醒我把那封信寄了。
I needn't remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.
我不必提醒你昨天买的那条糟糕透了的领带。
He reminded his wife that they needed to buy some coffee and sugar.
他提醒妻子他们需要买些咖啡和糖。
（2）使……想起：
The smell of cabbage reminds me of school.
卷心菜的气味使我想起了学校。
She reminds me of her sister.
她使我想起了她的姐姐／妹妹。
2．remark，observe与 notice
（1）remark与 observe都可以表示“说”、“评论说”，它们比say要正式：
‘You're looking very well!’She remarked／observed.
“您的气色看上去真好！”她说。
He remarked／observed that it was too hot in the room.
他说屋里太热了。
（2）notice和observe都可以表示“注意到”、“察觉到”，但有一定区别。notice 通常指无意中“察觉到”；observe 则可以指有意观察，比notice更正式：
I've noticed/ observed that he telephones her oftener than before.
我发现／注意到他现在给她打电话比以前次数多了。
She observed the picture critically for a moment.
她用挑剔的目光看了一会儿那幅画。
I didn't notice his leaving.
他走的时候我没注意到。

　　练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
C 1 mustn't  2 mustn't  3 needn't  4 needn't  5 mustn't
2．难点练习答案
1 remarked  2 noticed  3 remarks  4 notice
3．多项选择题答案
1 a  2 a  3 c  4 d  5 c  6 b
7 b  8 a  9 d  10 a  11 c  12 b

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★rude　adj. 无礼的
polite
以p开头的形容词的否定句前缀im
impolite:没有注意到礼节性的问题
rude:故意的
cheeky:小孩对长辈
native
★mirror　n. 镜子
look up sth.in the dictionary
look at oneself in the mirror
His novel is a mirror of his time.
...的写照,　 ...的真实反映
★hole　n. 孔
hole in
★remark　v. 评说
say
★remind　v. 提醒
remind sb.of sth.
remind sb.to do sth.
reminder
★lighthouse　n. 灯塔

　　【课文讲解】
need
call sb.sth.　　call that
be rude　　　　be rude about sth.　　 be rude to sb.
Don't be rude to me.
needn't: 不必
on the chair
He has been there.
bookstore　 drugstore
must表示必须　　 mustn't不能,不准
We mustn't buy things.　 We don't need things.
needn't
need的否定形式:needn't　 don't need
regretted doing sth.
needn't have done:原本不必做,但是做了
You needn't have bought it.
remind sb.of sth.
needn't have done:强调过去的动作不必做
needn't do:现在的动作也不必做
never=not too
I can never thank you too much.:感激不尽
Drinking water can never be too clean.
A wife can never complain too much.
need:需要
needn't:非实义动词,情态动词,无时态变化的,也没有人称
don't need:实义动词有任意一种时态,有人称变化
Need I...?　　　　　　　 Do I need...?
情态动词后面一定要加动词原型
在实义动词后面再加一个实义动词,就在后面加to do
Need I go out?　　　Do I need to go out?
情态动词后面不能直接用名词做宾语
实义动词后面可以直接加名词
We don't need things...
You don't need to be
He...follow me.　　C
A) don't need　 B) needn't to　C) didn't need to　D) needs
1.情态动词,不时态和人称
2.情态动词的疑问句和否定句都直接加not或提前
3.情态动词后面只能加动词原型
needn't have done;过去不必做,但是做了
mustn't:不准
can't:不可能
You don't ...:事实

　　【Key structrues】
must可能等于have to表示必须,不等于have to时表示推测
1.对现在和将来加原型
2.对正在be doing
3.对过去have done
4.对过去正在have been doing
needn't=don't have to
Exercises
1.mustn't
2.mustn't
3.needn't
4.needn't
5.mustn't　　be bad for　　Smoking is bad for your health.

　　【Special difficulties】
observe:仔细的看
remark/notice
notice:看
remark:说
1...remarked...
2...noticed...
3..remarkes...
make rude remarks(粗话)
call one's name:骂人
say F(fuck) words
4...notice....
fail to do:没有能够,表示强烈的肯定,not fail to
You can not fail to notice it.

　　【Multiple choice questions】
3....
Do you have to...? Yes,I do/No,I don't
have to:必须
Do you have to...? No ,I don't have to do sth.
mustn't:不能,　don't have to:不必
must=have to, 必须
I don't need to do sth.
英文中要么助动词之后所有的东西都省略,要么省到不定式标志
Would you like to do sth? Yes, I'd like to.
No, I don't/No, I don't need　to.
Do you want to go to school?yes,I do./Yes, I want to.
Would you like to see the menu?Yes, I'd like to.
Would you like some bananas?Yes,I'd like.
Do you need the hat?No,I needn't.
7....
can never:不可能=can't
unable:不可能;be able(unable) to
impossible
improbable:不太可能,probably:很有可能
incapable:没有能力　 be capable of
8....
reflect:发射, reflection:发射的东西
idol:偶像
imagination:想像
picture:照片,图画
11.....
wear/dress/put on/have on
wear(状态)
dress(动作),dress sb:给某人穿衣服
put on(动作)
have sth on(状态)
She is in a green coat
be in+衣服(状态)
12....
match:与...相配
liken:与...做比较,compare,liken sth to another thing
We liken the hat to a lighthouse.
resemble:象,vt.　A resemble B
appear:显得, similar:与...相似, be similar to