Lesson 26 The best art critics 最佳美术评论家

First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Who is the student's best critic?

英式发音：

美式发音：

I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always tell you what a picture is ‘about’. Of course, many pictures are not ‘about’ anything. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday.
 ‘What are you doing?’ she asked. 
‘I'm hanging this picture on the wall, ’ I answered. ‘It's a new one. Do you like it?
’She looked at it critically for a moment. ‘It's all right, ’ she said, ‘but isn't it upside down?’ 
I looked at it again. She was right! It was!

New words and expressions 生词和短语

art(title)/a:t/n．艺术
appreciate(1．6)/ə'pri:ʃieit/v．鉴赏
critic(title)/'kritik/n．评论家
notice(1．7)/'nəutis/v．注意到
paint(1．1)/peint/v．画
whether(1．8)/'weðә/conj．是否
pretend(1．2)/pri'tend/v．假装
hang(1．11)/hæŋ/(hung/hʌŋ/, hung)v．悬挂，吊
pattern(1．4)/'pætən/n．图案
critically(1．12)/'kriti'kli/adv．批评地
curtain(1．5)/'kə:tn/n．窗帘，幕布
upside down(1．12)/'ʌpsaid-'daun/上下颠倒地
material(1．5)/mə'tiəriəl/n．材料

Notes on the text 课文注释

1  art student，学美术的学生。
2  They always tell you what a picture is‘about’. 他们总是告诉你一张画的“意思”是什么。很明显，作者认为那些自以为懂得现代艺术的人的评论根本不着边际。因此，把about(“对画的分析”)这个词放在引号里，以示一种讽刺的口吻。
3  It's a new one. 这是一幅新画。句中的one用来代替前一句中的名词 picture，以免重复。

参考译文

我是个学艺术的学生，画了很多画。有很多人装成很懂现代艺术的样子，总是告诉你一幅画的“意思”是什么。当然，有很多画是什么“意思”也没有的。它们就是些好看的图案，我们喜爱它们就像我们喜欢漂亮的窗帘布一样。我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画，他们观察到的东西更多。我的妹妹只有7岁，但她总能说出我的画是好还是环。昨天她到我房里来了。
“你在干什么呢？”她问。
“我正把这幅画挂到墙上去。”我回答说，“这是幅新画，你喜欢吗？”
她用挑剔的目光看了一会儿。“还可以吧。”她说，“不过，是不是挂倒了？”
我再次看了看画。她说对了！是挂倒了！

　　自学导读
1．They always tell you what a picture is‘about’.（他们）总是告诉你一张画的“意思”是什么。
This is a book about Australia.
这是一本关于澳大利亚的书。
They are talking about modern art.
他们在谈论现代艺术。
课文中这句话可以直译为：他们总是告诉你某一幅画是“关于”什么的，也就是一幅画的“意思”是什么。about放在引号里，一是指这些人谈论画的时候经常用到这个词，二是表示一种讽刺，因为有些画没有任何“意思”。
2．They are just pretty patterns.它们就是些好看的图案。
just在此处指“只是”、“仅仅（是）”，而不是指“刚才”、“正好”、“正是：
It was just a wrong number.
这只是一个错误的号码。（即只不过是拨错了号码）
It's just six o'clock.
正好6点。
I've just heard the news.
我刚刚听到这个消息。
3．We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. 我们喜爱它们就像我们喜爱漂亮的窗帘布一样。
in the same way that/as是个连接短语，用于表示比较，可译为“像／和……一样”：
She walks in the same way that/as her sister did.
她的走路姿势和她姐姐以前走路的姿势一模一样。
4．I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. 我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画。
else经常与不定代词连用（如everyone else，someone else，anything else等），表示“另外／加”、“其它／他的”或“不同的”：
Can you find anyone else?
你还可以找到其他人吗？
I can find nothing else here except an old dictionary.
除了一本旧字典，我在这儿再也找不到别的东西了。
课文中的这句话表示小孩子们比其他任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画。
5．…she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not.
……她总能说出我的画是好还是坏。
连接词 whether…or not可以表示选择：
I don't know whether you are interested (in it) or not.
我不知道你（对它）是否感兴趣。
You must help him, whether you like him or not.
不管你是否喜欢他，你（都）必须帮助他。
6．She looked at it critically for a moment. 她用挑剔的目光看了一会儿。
for a moment为固定短语，表示“片刻”、“一会儿”：
They looked at each other for a moment.
他们互相对视了一会儿。
7．It's all right. 还可以吧。
all right为固定短语，在这里表示“令人满意的”、“不错的”：
The performance of the Greenwood Boys at the Workers' Club was all right.
“绿林少年”演唱团在工人俱乐部的那场演出还不错。
all right还可以表达许多其他意思，如表示同意等。

　　语法 Grammar in use
一般现在时（cf．第2课语法）
（1）一般现在时可以用于表述现在的特征或状态：
I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures.
我是个学美术的学生，画了很多画。（目前状态）
它也经常用于表述经常性或习惯性的动作，或带有普遍性的情况，频度副词可有可无：
Many people pretend that they understand modern art.
有很多人装成很懂现代艺术的样子。（普遍情况，不带频度副词）
They always tell you what a picture is‘about’.
他们总是告诉你一张画的“意思”是什么。（经常性动作，带频度副词always）
一般现在时还用于表示普遍性真理：
Summer follows spring.
春去夏来。
（2）有些表示状态和感觉的动词通常用于一般现在时。这些动词
一般不用于进行时：appear，appreciate，be，believe，notice，feel，find，forget，resemble，hear，know，like，look like，remember，see，think，understand等：
He's listening to that music! He must like it!
他正在听那音乐！他肯定喜欢它！
I can't understand this picture.
我看不懂这幅画。
Can you see any mistakes?
你能发现有什么错误吗？
I heard some voices.
我听到有些说话声。

　　词汇学习 Word study
1．notice
（1）vt．注意到，察觉到（不用于进行时）：
You never notice what's going on around you.
你从来不注意身边发生的事。
Did you notice him leaving?
他离开的时候你发现了吗？
I've noticed that it is warmer here than in England.
我发现这里比英国暖和。
（2）n．注意，察觉：
The girl in red caught his notice.
那位穿红衣服的姑娘引起了他的注意。
（3）n．（书面的）通知，布告，海报：
I know there's a meeting, because someone put up a notice outside the Town Hall.
我知道有个集会，因为有人在市政厅外面贴了个通知。
2．hang vt．，vi．
（1）（将……）悬挂，吊：
I'm hanging this picture on the wall.
我正在把这幅画挂到墙上去。
Will you please hang the coat?
请把衣服挂起来好吗？
A pretty curtain hangs over the window.
窗户上挂着一个漂亮的窗帘。
（2）垂下：
John was very tired. He sat in a chair and hung (down) his head.
约翰非常疲倦。他垂着头坐在椅子上。
（3）安装……使能转动／摆动：
Have you hung the door?
你把门装上了吗？
3．upside down
（1）上下颠倒：
When Percy Buttons stands on his head, everything appears upside down to him.
当珀西·巴顿斯头顶地倒立时，一切东西在他看来都是上下颠倒的。
You've hung the picture upside down.
你把画挂倒了。
（2）乱七八糟，混乱不堪：
My little boy always makes the room upside down.
我的小儿子总是把房间弄得乱七八糟。
These men have made the whole country upside down.
这些人把整个国家搞得一团糟。

　　练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A These things always happen： I paint (1.1)； people pretend that they understand (11.1-2)；they…tell(1.2)；We like (1.4)；we like (1.5)； I think (1.5)； children… appreciate (11.5-6)；They notice(1.7)；she…tells(1.7)；Do you like (1.11)
(Note: Although the question Do you like it? <1.11> is asked at a particular moment, the meaning of like cannot be restricted to this moment.)
These things are happening now： What are you doing (1.10)；I'm hanging (1.11)
B believe…are joking…don't know…know…believe…forget…looked…are you trying…believe…think…do you live…don't know
2．难点练习答案
‘Look!’she said,‘isn't that man drunk?’
‘I think we should cross the road,’answered her husband.
‘It's too late now,’she replied.
‘Eh, you two. Look where you're going,’called the drunk.‘Can't you walk in a straight line?’
3．多项选择题答案
1a  2d  3c  4b  5c  6d
7d  8a  9b  10d  11b  12d

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★art　n. 艺术
art student 艺术系的学生
English student 学英语的学生
student of England
英国学生
artist　艺术家
artiste 艺人
art gallery 艺术画廊
black art 巫术
★critic　n. 评论家
criticise v. 批评，批判
criticism n. 批评，批判
critical　adj. 挑剔的
critically adv. 爱挑剔的
He criticised my painting.
You are critical.
★paint　v. 画
draw a picture 用线条画
paint a picture　强调油画
painting
oil painting
Chinese painting 中国国画
Beijing opera 国戏，京剧
★pretend　v. 假装
pretend to do something
When his mother came in,the baby pretended to go to sleep.
pretend that...
★pattern　n. 图案
pattern drills
pattern 模式，典范
★curtain　n. 窗帘，幕布
★material　n. 材料
listening material 听力材料
★appreciate　v. 鉴赏
enjoy 欣赏
enjoy the music
I like poems.
I love...
I enjoy...得到乐趣
I appreciate...　程度一个比一个深
appreciate something
appreciate doing sth
I appreciate your help.
我很感激你的帮助
★notice　v. 注意到
pay attention to 思想上的注意
I notice the boy. 细节上的注意
I notice the beauty spot.
★whether　conj. 是否
If 在表示是否的时候可以被whether所取代
If在表示如果的时候不可以用whether取代
If it will rain...
Whether it will rain...
Whether it will rain or not...
I wondered if it will rain.
Whether he is mad or not.
★hang　v. 悬挂，吊
hang　hanged　hanged　绞死
hang　hung　　hung 　 悬挂
The thief was hanged.
The coat was hung.
★critically　adv. 批评地
★upside down 上下颠倒地　　两个同样的发音连在一起时，前边的音省去不读

　　【课文讲解】
They always tell you what a picture is about.
tell you 后是what 引导的宾语从句
just 仅仅，表强调
We like them...
them 指 pictures
pretty curtain material 漂亮的窗帘布
In the same way that
In a way　以某种方式
The son walked in the same way that his father walked.
I love you in the same way that I love my father.
I love you just in the same way that I love money.
make an appointment
When will it be conveniet for you?
I like something.
I like something very much.
I like something better.
I like something best.
I like water best.
I like water better.
I like water very much.
else跟在anyone,anything 的后面
who else,what else
They can appreciate modern arts best.
better than anyone else 表示最高级的含义
The teacher is the tallest.
The teacher is taller than anyone else.
The book is more expensive than anything else.
They notice more.
Whether ...or not= if
picture on the wall
isn't it upside down? 是否定疑问句
It isn't a fine day.
It is bad weather.
Is it bad weather?
Isn't it bad weather?
Aren't you lucky? 你真幸运
否定疑问句起肯定作用...
Isn't it a boy?

Composition】
I looked at the picture. 不用watch是因为它是移动的
call是称之为；　name是给它取一个名字

Letter writing】
信头上是没有名字的
门牌号码应该放在最前边

Key structures】
appear的反义词disappear
resemble相似，类似
和人的情绪相连，跟人的状态相连，跟人的思维活动相连的动词都不用进行时态。

Speech marks】
引导在英文当中第一次出现是单引号，第二次出现是双引号，英文当中的书名号用
引号来替代

Summary writing】
5.
Young children appreciate modern paintings better than others.
They notice more.
not only ...but ...as well.
as well 放在句子结尾，且可以省略
Young children是共同的部分
Young children not only appreciate modern paintings better than others,
but notice more.
not only...but...
连接的是两组谓语动词
7.
or 否则，或者
upside down 与right way to 意思相反

　　【Multiple choice questions】
12.　C
4.
考特殊疑问句的间接引语是什么
陈述句的间接引语以that引导
What time is it?
How old are you?
变成以　He asked me . 形式
He asked me what time it was.
He asked me how old I was.
疑问句的直接引语变间接引语要注意
⑴　特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导
⑵　时态。
主句的谓语动词是过去时时，其从句的谓语动词应为相对应的时态。
⑶　疑问句变成间接引语时，要变成陈述句语序。
陈述句语序：主语在动词前边。
⑷　人称的变化
Is it nine o'clock? /He asked me.
if/whether 是否
He asked me if/whether it was nine o'clock.
.4.
tell me 要求间接引语
Tell me what it is about.
注意使用陈述句语序。
What about 中about 是介词，后接名词或动词的ing形式，不接句子
What about it?
Tell me后要求陈述句语序
.5.没有一个答案是对的
主句为一般现在时，从句可以为任意形式
or not是否，that表示肯定
直接引语变间接引语的连接词有３种：
⑴陈述句中的that;
⑵一般疑问句中的if／whether;
⑶特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词
if不可以与or not 连用
.6.Ｄ
A 缺名词
B 缺名词或位置错误
C 缺冠词
one 可以作代词，还可以作数词
.10.
根据句子意思，选Ｄ．
.9.　Ｂ
clothes 衣服
cloth　布
.11.
在此句中，notice=observe