Lesson 68 Persistent 纠缠不休
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音,然后回答以下问题。
Why did Elizabeth tell Nigel that she was going to the dentist?
英式发音:
美式发音:
I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and camerunning towards me. It was no use pretending that I had not seenhim, so I waved to him. I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. Henever has anything to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.
‘Hello, Nigel,’I said.‘Fancy meeting you here!’
‘Hi, Elizabeth,’Nigel answered.‘I was just wondering how to spend the morning----until I saw you. You're not busy doing anything, are you?’
‘No, not at all,’I answered.‘I'm going to…’
‘Would you mind my coming with you?’he asked, before I had finished speaking.
‘Not at all,’I lied,‘but I'm going to the dentist.’
‘Then I'll come with you,’ he answered.‘There’s always plenty to read in the waiting room!’
New words and expressions 生词和短语
persistent (title)/pə'sistənt/adj. 坚持的,固执的
insist (1.5)/in'sist/v. 坚持做
avoid(1.1)/ə'vɔid/ v. 避开
Notes on the text 课文注释
1 to avoid meeting him,避免碰上他,这是动词后面用动名词作宾语的结构。本课下文中出现的 enjoy,fancy, mind,finish等动词,也是只接动名词作宾语的动词。
2 came running towards me,向我跑来,running是现在分词,作状语,表示状况。
3 It was no use pretending,装作……是没有用了。在这句话中, it是先行词,实际上主语是动名词短 pretending that I had not seen him.
4 No matter how busy you are,不管你有多忙。这是一个让步状语从句, no matter常与 how, when, where, what, who等引导的从句相连,可译成“无论”。
5 prevent sb. from doing sth.是“阻止某人做某事”,介词 from可以省略。
6 Fancy meeting you here!想不到在这里见到你!fancy +-ing表示对后面的-ing所表示的动作感到惊奇。
7 You're not busy doing anything, are you? 你不忙,是吧?这是一个附加疑问句,也称反意疑问句。它是由陈 述句加上简略疑问句构成的。如果陈述句是肯定的,那么疑问句用否定形式;反之,陈述句是否定的,疑问句用肯定形式。
8 Would you mind my coming with you?我跟你一道去行吗?这是一个表示客气请求的结构,my是动名词 coming的逻辑主语。
9 the waiting room,候诊室。
参考译文
我穿过马路以便避开他,但他看到我并朝我跑过来。若再装作没看见他已是没有用了,我只好向他招手。 我就怕遇到奈杰尔·戴克斯。他从来都是无事可做,不管你多忙,他总是坚持要跟你去。我得想办法不让他整
个上午缠着我。
“你好,奈杰尔,想不到在这儿见到你。”我说。
“你好,伊丽莎白,”奈杰尔回答说,“我正不知道怎么消磨这一上午呢,正好见到你。你不忙,是吗?”
“不,不忙,我打算去……”我回答。
“我跟你一道去行吗?”没等我说完话他就问道。
“没关系,但我准备去牙医那里。”我说了个谎。
“那我也跟你去,候诊室里总有很多东西可供阅读!”他回答。
自学导读
1.I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. 我穿过马路以便避开他,但他看到我并朝我跑过来。
(1)avoid 以及本课中出现的 enjoy, fancy, mind, finish等动词后面只跟名词性的宾语,即只跟名词或动名词:
They managed to avoid a car crash/crashing their car into the wall.
他们设法躲过了一起汽车撞车事故/避免了将车撞在墙上。
(2)running 引导的是分词短语,作状语,修饰 came,表示伴随状况:
She ran after the thief shouting out for help.
她一边追赶小偷,一边大声喊叫求助。
2.It was no use pretending that I had not seen him…若再装做没看见他已是没有用了……
这句话中,it是先行主语,真正的主语是 pretending 引导的动名词短语。It is (of) no use doing…是个固定结构(其中的 of可省略),表示“做……也是徒劳的/无益的”:
It is (of) no use worrying about your family.
为你的家人担心是无益的。
3.No matter how busy you are…不管你多忙……
no matter可与疑问词 (how, who, when, where, what等)一起引导让步从句,表示“无论”:
No matter where you go, you can't forget your home.
无论你到哪里,都无法忘记自己的家。
No matter what I say, I seem to say the wrong thing.
无论我说什么,都似乎说得不当。
4.I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning. 我得想办法不让他整个上午缠着我。
think of在这里的含义是“想出”, way在这里表示“办法”, a way of后面的部分用于修饰 way。prevent表示“阻止/制止”时其常用结构为 prevent sb. from doing sth., from可以省略:
I can't prevent you from going if you want to.
你如果想去,我无法阻止。
5.You're not busy doing anything, are you? 你不忙,是吧?
这是一个附加疑问句,又称反意疑问句,是由陈述句后面加简略疑问句构成。陈述句如果是肯定的,则附加疑问句通常用否定形式;陈述句如果是否定的,则附加的疑问句用肯定形式。陈述句中有助动词时,附加疑问句重复其中的助动词;如果没有,则用do的各种形式构成:
John was angry, wasn't he?
约翰生气了,不是吗?(肯定式+否定式)
He hasn't left, has he?
他没走,是吗?(否定式+肯定式)
I can see him, can't I?
我可以见他,不是吗?(情态助动词作助动词)
You like it, don't you?
你喜欢它,不是吗?(没有助动词时加do)
6.Would you mind my coming with you? 我跟你一道去行吗?
(1)Would/ Do you mind…? 是一个用来表示客气的请求或征求意见的结构,其中可以用if引导的从句或动名词结构。表示“同意/不介意”时,用“No, not at all”或“Certainly not”来回答;不同意时往往用一些委婉的说法,如“ I'm sorry, but…”等回答,不用“yes, I do”:
(2)如果动名词的动作执行者与句子的主语不一致时,它前面可以加所有格形容词或宾格代词,作为动名词的逻辑主语(cf. 本课语法):
I hope you won't mind my staying here.
我希望你不介意我呆在这儿。
语法 Grammar in use
动名词的一些用法
(1)在第20课的语法中,我们学习了动名词的基本形式和作用,在第44课的语法中,我们学习了动名词用于某些短语动词
(look forward to, be used to等)之后、一些表示喜好的动词(hate, love, prefer等)之后不定式与动名词的区别以及 need 和want之后动名词的用法等:
I like watching TV.
我喜欢看电视。(一般行为)
I'd like to watch TV.
我(现在)想看电视。(特定)
The strap needs mending.
这提包带需要修理。(动名词在这里有被动的含义)
(2)有些动词后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式。这些动词包括 avoid, admit, deny, fancy, finish, enjoy, mind(在乎,在意),suggest, stand(容忍)等:
I tried to avoid meeting him.
我试图避开他。
I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.
我就怕遇到奈杰尔·戴克斯。
I haven't finished speaking yet.
我还没有说完。
(3)有些结构通常要接动名词,如 busy, worth, it is no/little use, bored with, interested in, insist on, prevent…from等:
I'm busy making meat pies.
我正忙着做肉馅饼。
A Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition is worth rescuing.
一架状况尚好的兰开斯特轰炸机值得抢救。
He insisted on paying.
他坚持要付钱。
I'm interested in acting.
我对表演感兴趣。
(4)动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语(即动作执行者,而不是句子的主语):
He insisted on my paying the bill.
他坚持要我付账。
I don't think the children enjoy your/his/John's singing.
我不认为孩子们喜欢你/他/约翰唱的歌。
Please excuse his not writing to you.
请原谅他没有给你写信。
Do you mind my smoking?
我可以抽烟吗?
Do you mind opening/my opening the door?
你/我可以开门吗?
(5)come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词(climbing, driving, fishing, riding, shopping, walking等),表示建议、邀请或叙事:
Why don't we go swimming?
为什么我们不去游泳呢?
Come dancing this evening.
今晚来跳舞吧。
Yesterday we went fishing.
昨天我们去钓鱼了。
(6)感知动词(hear, see, feel, watch等)后面既可以跟宾语加分词结构,也可以跟宾语加不带to的不定式。现在分词往往强调动作正在发生,用于叙述中时使人身临其境;不定式则可以表示动作发生了或过程结束了。有时它们之间的区别不大,可以互相替换使用。试比较:
I watched him climb/climbing the tree.
我看到他爬树了。(区别不大)
词汇学习 Word study
1.fancy vt.
(1)设想,想像:
Fancy meeting you here!
想不到在这儿见到你!
Fancy Ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question!
真想不到伊恩竟会不知道如何回答这样一个简单的问题!
(2)想要,喜欢(往往用于指个人爱好):
I don't fancy going for a walk in the rain.
我不爱在雨中散步。
It's a fine day and I fancy driving down to the coast.
天气真好,我想开车去海边。
2.insist vt.,vi.
(1)坚持,坚决认为:
He insisted that he was right.
他坚持他是对的。
He insists on the importance of the meeting.
他强调这个会议的重要性。
(2)坚决主张/要求,一定要:
I insist on speaking to the manager.
我坚决要求/一定要与经理谈话。
My wife insists that I (should) have my hair cut.
我妻子执意要我理发。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1.关键句型练习答案
C (sample sentences)
1 It's no use trying to reason with him.
2 Let's go swimming.
3 Forgive my interrupting you.
4 Do you deny having taken/taking the money?
5 He came rushing towards me.
6 I'm busy writing letters.
7 I always enjoy going to the cinema.
8 Would you mind closing the door, please?
2.多项选择题答案
1b 2b 3c 4d 5b 6b
7b 8c 9c 10 c 11a 12a
New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★persistent adj. 坚持的,固执的
You are stubborn.
persist:坚持(不顾阻拦一味的坚持)persist in doing sth.
insist:坚持(认为、说、是人的一种态度) insist on doing sth.
perseverance:坚持不懈(褒义) persevere in
★avoid v. 避开
avoid doing sth.
★insist v. 坚持做
【课文讲解】
avoid meeting
cross:(v.)穿过
across:(adv./prep)穿过
came running 向我跑过来
go shopping,go swimming,go skating
it is no use doing...做某件事情是没有用处的
It is no use crying over the spilled millk.
enjoy doing
like,love,enjoy,appreciate
用不定式做定语,修饰anything
insists on coming
No matter :无论+从句(要以特殊疑问词引导)
No matter how busy you are.
I had to think of a way of preventing
think of a way of doing :想一个作某事的方法
prevent do from doing sth :让某人不做某事
stop sb.from doing sth ;让某人不做某事
keep sb.from doing sth.
forbid sb.to do sth.
Fancy meeting you here? 真想不到会在这里见到你!
fancy = imagine
fancy + 名词——表示惊讶
不定式的复合结构,做宾语从句
be busy doing:忙着做某事
反意疑问句的回答,根据事实回答
finish doing
complete doing
Would you mind my coming with you?
mind + v.-ing
for sb.--逻辑主语
my --形容词性物主代词
如果是名词,就变成名词所有格
Would you mind my parents' having dinner with me?
Would you mind me opening the door?
mind+v.-ing
-ing 的逻辑主语,是四种形式,分两大类:
1.作为代词,可以用人称代词的宾格,又可以用形容词性物主代词。
2.作为名词,可以保持本身不变,也可以变成名词所有格
my---me 可以互换
Would you mind my/me smoking?
Would you mind me making myself at Home?
【语法精粹】
4.动名词复合结构:由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成
His leaving is a great loss.
他的离去是一个很大的损失
Mother dislikes my (me)working late.
妈妈不喜欢我工作很迟
John's having seen her did not make her worried.
约翰已经见到她的事实,没有让她感到担心
注:动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语,作主语是必须是所有格,(名词所有格、形容词性物主代词)。但作宾语时可以用所有格,也可用普通格
-ing前面出现逻辑,这个逻辑主语可以出现四种情况:
作代词:形容词性物主代词,人称代词宾格
作名词:名词所有格,普通格
那些词后面可以接动词-ing
介词,某些动词(avoid,enjoy,finish,it is no use,prevent sb.from,fancy,imagine,escape,risk,allow);
语法精粹:
3)宾语:下列动词须跟动名词作宾语:
admit,deny,appreciate,enjoy,avoid,complete,delay,fancy,finish,mind,practice,risk,suggest,allow,permit...
practice(n.)practise(v.)
advice(n.)advise(vt.) advise sb.to do/advise doing
insist on doing,persist in doing,persevere in doing
give up doing
特注:
以allow为列:allow+doing sth.(动名词作宾语),但可以:allow sb.to do sth.(不定式作宾语)
这类动词常见如:advise,allow,permit,recommend,etc.
Structure:
6...b...
insist on
insist + 从句(should +原形)
10...c
salute :问候(军人向长官的)行军礼,敬礼
greet:问候
12...a...
lie to:向某人撒谎
false:假的
lie:谎言 What she said was a lie.
9...c...
as if :似乎,好像
make :制造,做
do as if (不这么用)
act as if
conduct as if (conduct+oneself:表现)
Summary writing:
Even though
When because
Composition
1...
As(因为)...whom(引导定语从句)...in order to (目的状语)
As there was a dentist nearby whow she knew well Elizabeth decided to go there in order to explain what had happened.
2....
While(时间)...and(并列的两个句子)
3...
After...and asked Nigel if...(间接引语)
After Elizabeth left,the dentist went into the waiting room and asked Nigel if he wanted to have his teeth ezamined.
推荐专题:
本文地址:http://nce.haohaoxue.com/NCE2/2020-12-05/360979.html
- 节日作文
- 植树节作文
- 妇女节作文
- 国庆节作文
- 元宵节作文
- 六一儿童节作文
- 端午节作文
- 五一劳动节作文
- 清明节作文
- 五四青年节作文
- 父亲节作文
- 重阳节作文
- 元旦作文
- 建军节作文
- 中秋节作文
- 母亲节作文
- 教师节作文
- 圣诞节作文
- 愚人节作文
- 万圣节作文
- 励志作文
- 奥运会作文
- 理想作文
- 中国梦作文
- 自信作文
- 青春作文
- 挫折作文
- 成长作文
- 坚持作文
- 宽容作文
- 诚信作文
- 坚强作文
- 情感作文
- 感恩作文
- 抒情作文
- 感动的作文
- 搞笑作文
- 微笑作文
- 孝心作文
- 母爱作文
- 幸福作文
- 父爱作文
- 爱的作文
- 人物作文
- 我的妈妈作文
- 我的爸爸作文
- 母亲作文
- 父亲作文
- 我的老师作文
- 我的同学作文
- 我的叔叔作文
- 外婆作文
- 朋友作文
- 班主任作文
- 偶像作文
- 我作文
- 小伙伴作文
- 鲁迅作文
- 雷锋作文
- 清洁工作文
- 自然作文
- 春天来了作文
- 下雪了作文
- 台风作文
- 秋天作文
- 夏天作文
- 黄山作文
- 流星雨作文
- 黄河作文
- 大海作文
- 下雨作文
- 冬天作文
- 泰山作文
- 动物作文
- 小狗作文
- 小猫作文
- 熊猫作文
- 鹦鹉作文
- 蝴蝶作文
- 大象作文
- 蛇的作文
- 燕子作文
- 猴子作文
- 蚂蚁作文
- 老虎作文
- 金鱼作文
- 兔子作文
- 乌龟作文
- 马的作文
- 植物作文
- 西瓜作文
- 仙人掌作文
- 兰花作文
- 荷花作文
- 梅花作文
- 苹果作文
- 菊花作文
- 竹子作文
- 树叶作文
- 油菜花
- 柳树作文
- 葡萄作文
- 吊兰作文
- 牡丹作文
- 树的作文
- 生活作文
- 游记作文
- 环保作文
- 小制作作文
- 寒假作文
- 我的课余生活作文
- 童年趣事作文
- 游戏作文
- 第一次作文
- 春游作文
- 踏青作文
- 军训作文
- 音乐作文
- 暑假作文
- 春节作文
- 春节英语作文
- 压岁钱作文
- 除夕夜作文
- 写作素材
- 倡议书
- 感谢信
- 检讨书
- 发言稿
- 演讲稿
- 国旗下讲话
- 导游词
- 应 用 文
- 高考作文素材
- 高中作文素材
- 中考作文素材
- 初中作文素材
- 名言警句
- 历史典故
- 名人故事
- 优秀句段
- 哲理故事
- 成语故事
- 名著读后感
- 红楼梦读后感
- 三国演义读后感
- 水浒传读后感
- 西游记读后感
- 詹天佑读后感
- 夏洛的网读后感
- 鲁滨孙漂流记读后感
- 窗边的小豆豆读后感
- 伊索寓言读后感
- 巴黎圣母院读后感
- 高老头读后感
- 青铜葵花读后感
- 城南旧事读后感
- 绿山墙的安妮读后感
- 骆驼祥子读后感
- 会飞的教室读后感
- 爱的教育读后感
- 钢铁是怎样炼成的读后感
- 草房子读后感
- 教师读后感
- 格列佛游记读后感
- 昆虫记读后感
- 朝花夕拾读后感
- 雷锋读后感
- 傅雷家书读后感
- 海底两万里读后感
- 童年读后感
- 老人与海读后感
- 简爱读后感
- 名人传读后感
- 平凡的世界读后感
- 繁星春水读后感
- 百年孤独读后感
- 八十天环游地球读后感
- 卖火柴的小女孩读后感
- 安徒生童话读后感
- 假如给我三天光明读后感
- 傲慢与偏见读后感
- 大卫科波菲尔读后感
- 汤姆索亚历险记读后感
- 悲惨世界读后感
- 英语作文
- 一年级英语作文
- 二年级英语作文
- 三年级英语作文
- 四年级英语作文
- 五年级英语作文
- 六年级英语作文
- 初一英语作文
- 初二英语作文
- 初三英语作文
- 高一英语作文
- 高二英语作文
- 高三英语作文
- 英语四级作文
- 英语六级作文
- 考研英语作文
- 高考英语作文
- 中考英语作文