Lesson 21 Mad or not?是不是疯了？

First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why do people think the writer is mad?

英式发音：

美式发音：

Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

mad(1. 1)/mæd/adj. 发疯
sum(1. 7)/sʌm/n. 量
reason(1. 3)/'ri:zən/n. 原因
determined(1. 8)/di'tə:mind/adj. 坚定的，下决心的

Notes on the text 课文注释

1  Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad．飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯。drive someone mad，逼疯。
2  passing planes can be heard night and day，过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。在句中passing用来修饰名词planes，起形容词作用，是一个现在分词。
3  came into use，启用。
4  Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise．有100多人肯定是被噪音逼得离家远去。情态动词must+完成时态，是对过去事情的推测，猜测某一事情肯定已经发生。drive away，赶走，逼走。

参考译文

飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯。我住在一个机场附近，过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。机场是许多年前建的，但由于某种原因当时未能启用。然而去年机场开始使用了。有100多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去，我是少数留下来的人中的一个。有时我觉得这房子就要被一架飞过的飞机撞倒。他们曾向我提供一大笔钱让我搬走，但我决定留在这儿。大家都说我肯定是疯了，也许他们说的是对的。

　　自学导读
1．I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. 我住在一个机场附近，过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。
（1）passing 是现在分词，作形容词用，表示“经过的”、“过往的”：He stopped a passing car.
他挡住了一辆过往汽车。
He forgot the man with passing time.
随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。
（2）night and day是固定短语，意为“日日夜夜”、“夜以继日”：He thought of the matter night and day.
他日夜在想这个问题。
He worked night and day.
他夜以继日地工作。
2．The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. 机场是许多年前建的，但由于某种原因当时未能启用。
（1）years 前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示“许多年”，weeks等的用法与它相似：
He left the city years ago.
他多年前就离开了这座城市。
I have not seen him for weeks.
我已经有好几个星期没见他了。
（2）some 在这里不表示“一些”，而表示“某个”、“某种”等：
I'll tell you someday.
有一天我会告诉你的。
We'll talk about it some other time.
我们改日再谈这件事。
3．…it came into use. ……机场开始使用了。
come into use 为固定短语，表示“开始被使用”：
When did the train come into use?
这火车什么时候开始使用的？
The road came into use last month.
这条路上个月通车了。
4．Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. 有一百多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去。
情态动词 must +be表示根据事实所作的推论，这在第1册第127课已经讲过。在这句话中，must+完成时态表示对过去某事的推测：
This pen is John's. He must have been here.
这枝钢笔是约翰的。他一定来过这里。
5．I am one of the few people left. 我是少数留下来的人中的一个。
（1）one of表示特指的一群人/一些东西中的一个，后面的名词用复数：
One of the girls standing over there is Tim's sister.
在那些站在那儿的女孩当中有一个是蒂姆的姐姐/妹妹。
You can take one of these bags.
你可以从这些提包中拿走一个。
（2）left相当于who are left(by the others)。即其他人走了以后而留下了他们。

　　语法 Grammar in use
被动语态（2）
在第10课的语法中，我们已经讲了被动语态的基本形式以及它在用了一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时和一般过去时的句子中的使用情况。被动语态还可以和大部分情态动词连用（包括具有部分情态功能的will和 would）。
He may have been told the news.
他或许已被告知这消息了。

　　词汇学习 Word study
1．drive
（1）vt.，vi. 驾驶，驾车：
You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.
你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度开车。
Mary drives(her car) very slowly.
玛丽开车开得很慢。
（2）vt. 赶，驱赶，围赶（猎物、敌人等）：
With the help of two dogs, he drove the sheep down the mountain.
在两只牧羊犬的帮助下，他把羊从山上赶了下来。
（3）vt. 逼迫，迫使：
Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.
飞机正在慢慢地把我逼疯。
The death of all her children has driven her mad.
她所有的孩子的去世把她逼疯了。
2．home与house
home 一般译为“家”、“家庭”，着重指所居住的人，常有爱、温暖、舒适、安全等隐含意义。house通常译为“房子”、“房屋”、“住宅”，指的是建筑物。试体会它们的区别：
They live in a large house.
他们住在一所大房子里。（不可用home）
My father is at home now.
我父亲现在在家。（不可用 house/at house）
Tom must be somewhere in the house.
汤姆肯定在这屋子里的某个地方。（不可用home）
I have a sweet home.
我有一个甜蜜的家庭。（不可用house）

　　练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A …passing planes can be heard(1.2); The airport was built (1.2); it could not be used then(1. 3); a hundred people must have been driven away(11.4-5); this house will be knocked down by a passing plane(11.6-7); I have been offered a large sum of money(1.7)
C 1 A message will be sent immediately.
2 All these goods must be sold.
3 I told you the parcel would be received in time.
4 The letter has to be delivered by hand.
5 Your letter must have been lost In the post.
2．难点练习答案
A (sample answers)
The dog drove the sheep out of the field.
The police drove the crowds back.
I drove my car into the garage.
B1 home  2 houses  3 house  4 home
3．多项选择题答案
1c  2d  3c  4d  5a  6c
7b  8b  9a  10d  11c  12c

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★mad　adj.　发疯
sb is mad.
mad 为...而疯狂
be mad about
I'm mad about English.
crazy 为……而疯狂的
be crazy about
go insance
I slowly go insance.
go+adj.　变得...
They are going bananas. =go crazy=go mad
★reason　n. 原因
as+句子
because+句子
for this reason 由于这个理由、原因
For this reason,I was late.
★sum　n. 量
a great many + 可数名词复数
a large ...
a great number of + 可数名词复数
plenty of 足够的
a sum of　一笔
a large sum of　大量的
a large sum of money
★determined　adj. 坚定的，下决心的
determine v.下定决心
make up one's mind
decide to do sth.
make a decision：decision
make a decision to do sth.
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事
Mad or not? = mad or not mad（省略）？
or not 在疑问词的后面，表示是还不是，选择概念
Why do people think the writer is mad?
drive sb. mad 逼某人发疯
drive v.　驾驶，开车
You are driving me mad.
The teacher is slowly driving me mad.
night and day 日日夜夜
passing planes 过往飞机；pass v.passing 作定语；正在经过的
sleeping baby 正在睡觉的小孩
waiting car　正在等待的车
be built
years ago = many years ago
for some reason　由于某个理由
some + 可数名词单数；some　表示某一个
some＋不可数名词单数：一些 some water
some＋可数名词复数：一些 some books
some＋可数名词单数：某一 some book
however 用于句首，句中，用逗号隔开
come into use : into prep.;　use n.投入使用；主动概念，没有被动式
be used 被动表示　被使用
over a hundred ...
must have done 过去发生，推测
must have been done　被动
drive　逼
away from 从某地离开
their homes　他们的家；house　房子/home 家
by the noise 被噪音
over a hundred people 主语
must have been done 谓语
away from　从某地离开；out of somewhere 从某地出来
one of ... 之一
left：leave　过去分词，表示被留下来的
left作定语放在被修饰词的后面，剩下的……东西
I have a bag left.
There is ten cents left in my pocket.
will be done 被动语态的将来时态
knock down　撞到
offter：given, give sb. sth./give sth.to sb.双宾语
双宾语的被动语态：主语有两种可能；以sb.做主语或以sth.做主语
被动语态的标志　be done
give sb. sth.
被动　sb. be given sth.
give sth. to sb.
被动 sth. be given to sb.
用离动词最近的宾语做主语
原文句型结构 sb. be offered sth.
to不定式表示目的
go away :leave
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事
Everybody says...
从句　I must be mad
they are probably right.他们也许是对的
probably adv.很可能

　　文章重点
1. 复杂句型结构：over a hundred people...
2. 双宾语的被动语态
3. drive sb.away from somewhere; drive sb. mad
4. passing plane; -ing作定语，表示正在

　　【Special difficulties】
drive v. 开车，驾驶
drive to　开车去往某地
I drove to Tianjing yesterday
drive sb. mad 逼疯
drive sb. away from　把某人赶走
drive sb. out of　把某人赶出去
drive sb. back　撵回去
home & house
home 带有感情色彩的
house 就是房子
1...get home 到家
home adv./house n.
get to 表示到达
2...of houses...
3...a house...
4...at home
at home 固定短语，在家

　　【Multiple choice question】
4.it 形式主语
it＋be动词＋形容词＋to do
D正确
be able to强调主语能够做某事
it+be动词+表语
5.must have been down：
对过去的一种被动语态的推测
must have down：对过去的一种推测
I'm sure　I think
9.a large sum of money
A正确　　　amount of
an amount of+不可数
plenty of
10.be going to；打算、计划
want to
喜欢　I want to